immanuEL – Page 2 – articles published by Ecumenical Theological Research Fraternity Israel

The Emergence of Christianity from Judaism

January 5, 2015

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by David Flusser, Immanuel 05, Jewish-Christian Relations

59 THESES by Prof. David Flusser, summer 1975* 1. Jesus was a Jew, lived the Jewish faith and died for it. He was “made under the law” (Gal. 4:4) and did not want to become a reformer of Judaism. 2. One can determine Jesus’s place in the contemporaneous Jewish streams. He has not preached and done…
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Hidden Hebrew in the Gospels

January 2, 2015

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by Pinchas Lapide, Immanuel 02, New Testament [~ Period]

Hebrew can be found in the books of the New Testament on three different levels. First is the plain linguistic level. Theologumena such as Pesach, Satan and Qorban appear in close proximity to such titles as Rabbi, Abba and Messiah, followed by names and appellations like Israel, Beelzebub, Abaddon, Iscariot, Boanerges, Armageddon, as well as…
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The Last Supper and the Essenes

January 2, 2015

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by David Flusser, Immanuel 02, New Testament [~ Period]

The discovery of the Essene Dead Sea Scrolls caused a revolution in research both of early Christianity and of Judaism. Many scholars thought that even the Sacrament of the Eucharist is Essene in origin. Is it not written in Josephus (Wars II, 129) that before their meal the Essenes purify themselves in cold water and…
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Do You Prefer New Wine?

September 5, 1990

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by David Flusser, Immanuel 09, New Testament [~ Period]

The following remarks are based on three criteria: 1) The observation of Robert L. Lindsey that the synoptic material, as preserved in Luke, was rewritten by Mark and that Matthew depends on Mark; 2) The importance of contemporaneous Judaism for the interpretation of the Gospels; 3) The simple truth that old wine is better than…
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People and Land

September 5, 1989

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by Martin Stöhr, Immanuel 22/23

I The statement of the World Council of Churches (WCC) in Amsterdam in 1948 — the year of the founding of the State of Israel and the WCC — certainly is no longer valid in its unquestioned conviction concerning the Christian missionary task regarding the Jews. But it is valid in its rejection of any…
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Theological Reflections – Land, People and the State

September 5, 1989

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by Moshe Greenberg, Immanuel 22/23

I want to begin with a few ideas that are not mine, and follow them with a statement of my own thinking on the subject. The opening thoughts are culled from two publications: The Jerusalem Colloquium on Religion, Peoplehood, Nation and Land (Jerusalem, 1970), edited by M.H. Tanenbaum and R.J.Z. Werblowsky, containing the proceedings of…
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The Land of Israel – A Christian Zionist View

September 5, 1989

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by Halvor Ronning, Immanuel 22/23

by Halvor Ronning A long spiritual pilgrimage would be required of most Christians today before they would consider calling themselves “Christian Zionists.” So it was with this writer, who was trained at a seminary where “replacement theology” was predominant — the teaching that the Church has replaced the People of Israel and that therefore the…
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Theological Significance of the Rebirth of the State of Israel

September 5, 1989

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by Malcolm Löwe, by Petra Heldt, Immanuel 22/23, Jewish-Christian Relations

Different Christian Attitudes This article is based on a lecture given to a seminar for Israeli tour guides at the Tantur Ecumenical Institute for Theological Research, Jerusalem, November 28, 1988. It was first published in pamphlet form by the American Jewish Committee in honor of the eightieth birthday of its Honorary President, Philip Hoffman, through…
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Perceptions of the State of Israel in Modern Halakhic Thinkers

September 5, 1989

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by David Hartman, Immanuel 22/23

A great deal of my theological reflections have grown in discussion with the Ecumenical Fraternity. This discussion began when the Rev. Coos Schoneveld was here in Jerusalem, and has continued over the years. One’s theological thinking can take on a different clarity when it is presented before another person.
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“The Holy Land”

September 5, 1989

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by Kirsten Hoffgren Pedersen, Immanuel 22/23

History and Reality of the Term With the December 1989 issue of its magazine, the National Geographic Society of Washington, D.C., published another of its fine maps, this time in the series “Special Places of the World.” That map bears the title “The Holy Land.” The Society apparently forgot to ask for advice from two…
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